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  <section id="text-processing-services">
<span id="textservices"></span><span id="stringservices"></span><h1>Text Processing Services<a class="headerlink" href="#text-processing-services" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<p>The modules described in this chapter provide a wide range of string
manipulation operations and other text processing services.</p>
<p>The <a class="reference internal" href="codecs.html#module-codecs" title="codecs: Encode and decode data and streams."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">codecs</span></code></a> module described under <a class="reference internal" href="binary.html#binaryservices"><span class="std std-ref">Binary Data Services</span></a> is also
highly relevant to text processing. In addition, see the documentation for
Python’s built-in string type in <a class="reference internal" href="stdtypes.html#textseq"><span class="std std-ref">Text Sequence Type — str</span></a>.</p>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="string.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">string</span></code> — Common string operations</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="string.html#string-constants">String constants</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="string.html#custom-string-formatting">Custom String Formatting</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="string.html#format-string-syntax">Format String Syntax</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="string.html#format-specification-mini-language">Format Specification Mini-Language</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="string.html#format-examples">Format examples</a></li>
</ul>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="string.html#template-strings">Template strings</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="string.html#helper-functions">Helper functions</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="re.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">re</span></code> — Regular expression operations</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="re.html#regular-expression-syntax">Regular Expression Syntax</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="re.html#module-contents">Module Contents</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="re.html#regular-expression-objects">Regular Expression Objects</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="re.html#match-objects">Match Objects</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="re.html#regular-expression-examples">Regular Expression Examples</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="re.html#checking-for-a-pair">Checking for a Pair</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="re.html#simulating-scanf">Simulating scanf()</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="re.html#search-vs-match">search() vs. match()</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="re.html#making-a-phonebook">Making a Phonebook</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="re.html#text-munging">Text Munging</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="re.html#finding-all-adverbs">Finding all Adverbs</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="re.html#finding-all-adverbs-and-their-positions">Finding all Adverbs and their Positions</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="re.html#raw-string-notation">Raw String Notation</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="re.html#writing-a-tokenizer">Writing a Tokenizer</a></li>
</ul>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="difflib.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">difflib</span></code> — Helpers for computing deltas</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="difflib.html#sequencematcher-objects">SequenceMatcher Objects</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="difflib.html#sequencematcher-examples">SequenceMatcher Examples</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="difflib.html#differ-objects">Differ Objects</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="difflib.html#differ-example">Differ Example</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="difflib.html#a-command-line-interface-to-difflib">A command-line interface to difflib</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="textwrap.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">textwrap</span></code> — Text wrapping and filling</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="unicodedata.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">unicodedata</span></code> — Unicode Database</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="stringprep.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">stringprep</span></code> — Internet String Preparation</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="readline.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">readline</span></code> — GNU readline interface</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="readline.html#init-file">Init file</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="readline.html#line-buffer">Line buffer</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="readline.html#history-file">History file</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="readline.html#history-list">History list</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="readline.html#startup-hooks">Startup hooks</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="readline.html#completion">Completion</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="readline.html#example">Example</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="rlcompleter.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rlcompleter</span></code> — Completion function for GNU readline</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="rlcompleter.html#completer-objects">Completer Objects</a></li>
</ul>
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